


AS a rookie reporter jumping into the job at The Star more than 35 years ago, the first thing the news editor sent me out for was to cover the courts. I had to learn the basic laws, he said.
I also had to be accurate in my reporting because there was nothing worse than being reprimanded by the magistrate, or judge, the next day in open court.
Everyone in the room, including the accused in the dock, would stare at you. And for the errant journalist, if that happens, he might prefer to be swallowed up by the earth.
But it also taught me to summarise cases – from a stack of court documents with all the legal jargon – into a simple readable news report.
I learned the various levels of the court hierarchy, and words like charge sheet, case management, heard in camera, sub judice, ex-parte, locus standi, habeas corpus, remand, letters of demand and discharge not amounting to an acquittal, among others.
There were many lawyers who patiently listened to this young, exasperated reporter on the phone as he struggled with his copy in the newsroom.
My next beat was crime reporting, where I learned even more. Soon, all the stuff I found out from American TV series turned out to be useless because they were not applicable in our police stations.
My editor reminded me that while these people may have been arrested, they had yet to be charged. They could even be released eventually. So, it was important that they were not named in my news reports.
But if it involved public figures and of public interest, exemptions would be made.
Also, we live in Malaysia. So, we will not reveal the race of the culprit and the victim, particularly in rape or assault cases, although in police reports, race is still requisite data.
It was drummed into my heart (and head) that we should never start a racial riot, because that’s the last thing we need the newspaper to be accused of. Keep race out of it.
But here’s my point – more and more reporters entering the profession have now been exempted from these two important beats, court and crime, so, they have missed out on important elements of news writing.
That deficiency is more prevalent in news portals, where most reporters devote their entire coverage to political news. And like bees to honey, more untrained writers have surfaced in these portals.
Over the past week, an article made its rounds and was shared by many Malaysians, in which the writer questioned why Datuk Seri Najib Razak, and other senior politicians, have yet to be sent to jail.
The argument went further that if one senior politician is sent to jail for corruption, his peers and possibly himself, in this case the Prime Minister, would be in deep trouble.
Claiming it was a case of “member jaga member,” it was implied that no one from Umno wants to start a precedent.
In our Malaysian legal system, which is based on the British model, a person has the right to appeal against his conviction until the Federal Court (the highest court) makes the final verdict.
So, Datuk Seri Najib Razak – or anyone else, including Opposition politicians – won’t begin to serve his conviction by the High Court, for example, until he has exhausted his legal avenues.
Many have asked why Najib is still being given this privilege of walking around freely when he was found guilty in the SRC International trial last year. The case is now at the Court of Appeal.
However, many Umno leaders have gone to jail. They include former Selangor Mentri Besar Dr Mohamad Khir Toyo, who was stripped of his Datukship, and the late Datuk Mokhtar Hashim, who was Youth and Sports Minister.
In 1976, former Selangor Mentri Besar Datuk Seri Harun Idris was also jailed for corruption.
At the Federal Court, no new evidence will be entertained, so lawyers and prosecutors will only argue on the points of the law.
So, there’s no such thing as a surprise witness dramatically appearing with new-found evidence as the courtroom gasps in surprise, like in a Korean drama.
In the United States, the accused is immediately marched into prison while awaiting appeals, which can take a long time.
Closer to home, in the Philippines, the police even parade those they have arrested at press conferences before sending them to court, and in Thailand, suspects have to re-enact their actions, including murders, before the public and media.
There’s one more point – those on death row are not immediately executed. Sometimes, it takes years, and they still have a final appeal, where the Ruler of the state in which the crime was committed decides to pardon the convict.
Najib still gets to enjoy the services of a team of bodyguards and a police escort with sirens blaring because he remains a former PM. But one thing is certain – he can’t contest in the next general election.
The law says an individual fined more than RM2,000 or sentenced to more than a year’s jail, won’t be allowed to be an election candidate for federal seats, even if there are ongoing appeals because this law comes into effect immediately.
But as MP, Najib can still attend Parliament, apart from keeping himself busy as Bosku on social media, because the vacation of such a seat would only happen if the appeals have been exhausted and the conviction is upheld by the appellate courts.
Learning the ropes at the courthouse has helped me learn some basic laws. I also learned that if you asked 10 lawyers for a certain interpretation of the law, you’ll get 10 different views, especially if they represent a client.
Try seeking an opinion now on who has the right to call for Parliament to reconvene during an Emergency.
It usually starts with “but I beg to differ.”

Road to Parliament: Cabinet members must make the necessary moves and plan the days leading to the end of the Emergency and the reopening of Dewan Rakyat.
IT should be obvious by now that extending the Emergency when it ends on Aug 1 is not an option.
The Rulers have made it clear that they aren’t keen on an extension. And that’s also the sentiment on the ground.
It’s safe to say the Establishment and supporters of the government would want the same.
There’s still a good six weeks to the end of the Emergency, and the Prime Minister won’t need to announce its conclusion.
But Cabinet members must take the necessary steps and plan the days leading to the end of this situation.
There’s nothing worse than senior Cabinet members exhibiting symptoms of the dreaded foot-in-mouth disease – contradicting and covering themselves in shame.
The run-up to Aug 1 would be on engaging with stakeholders – especially civil servants, policy makers, business groups and the media – on preparations made leading to that date.
This is where strategic communications come in, so a compromise beckons, and not because the government is perceived as reacting unwillingly to the advice of the Rulers.
Politicians and lawyers will always have their arguments, and each time they make a statement, it doesn’t mean they’re right even if they sound convincing.
Even well-qualified judges at the Federal Court vote accordingly on the verdict after hearing the points of law.
But the bottom line is, the PM decides when the Emergency should end, and if he sees fit to recommend an extension, he will need the King’s consent.
The King can decide on his own, without having to seek the consensus of the other Rulers.
But His Majesty has prepared himself well. Ahead of Aug 1, he has rightly sought the advice of the Rulers, and they have told him two things – end the Emergency by August and have Parliament convene as soon as possible.
I’m sure the PM and Cabinet fully respect the views of the King and the Rulers.
Constitutional experts have outlined the vague points on who can really end the Emergency, but given our reverence for our Rulers, no Malay politician would risk losing their popularity by ignoring the palace.
Also, it’s procedurally right for the PM to first hear the views of the independent special committee on the Emergency, and the Cabinet, too.
If not, what would be the point of forming the special panel if their recommendations aren’t even heard and considered?
Only when he has digested their feedback and formed his views can he seek an audience with the King to let His Majesty know his decision.
I’m sure the PM is explicitly aware of the political effects of an extension to the Emergency.
There would be little reason for him to do so knowing the King is against it. Besides, public opinion echoes that sentiment, too.
However you slice it, when the PM first convinced the nation that the Emergency was necessary to fight the Covid-19 pandemic, most Malaysians agreed with it.
After all, our leaders should be focused on ensuring we were safe from the deadly virus. In fact, during MCO1.0, public perception was that the government was doing a good job.
But then, we went downhill. We are at MCO3.0 because we have gone from bad to worse. It’s gone off the rails with the numbers still increasing and the pandemic raging as we scramble with vaccinations.
Have we come to a point where we’re supposed to celebrate when our daily number of Covid-19 cases drop to 4,000-odd? And are we serious about embracing leniency when there’s talk of it?
At 4,000-odd, we’re surely not out of the woods because the forest is still on fire, so we can’t ease off the brakes.
Our politicians gave in to the demands for Ramadan markets, interstate travel last December for Christmas and New Year, and then Gawai, just to score populist points. Unfortunately, that all added to new clusters.
We can’t continue to concede to the pressure of our communities because the Health Ministry has already said it needs at least four months to flatten the curve, so the ban on inter-district travel for Gawai in Sarawak is a step in the right direction.
Having communicated with key MOH officials struggling with the pandemic the last two years, this writer was told how tired, frustrated and even angry they’ve been.
They’re aware of the balance needed to keep the country safe and also, the economy running.
After all, these officials have families and friends who have shared with them the difficulties in keeping their jobs and businesses going. People are desperate, and many are starving as they struggle to put food on the table.
But as these frontliners continue with their thankless work, let’s not make it difficult for them with silly calls for a general election, which could only send many of us to the morgue.
Don’t be convinced by those who tell us that it’s safe to hold elections because they’re the same people who campaigned in the Sabah election last year and caused the entire country to suffer.
Many of these campaigners, which included top politicians, flouted the standard operating procedures, and even ignored quarantine rules. So, if you believe these politicians will keep their promises, then you will believe anything.
Moving ahead, as the Emergency period ends and Parliament resumes, let’s be prepared for all the usual drama, the likes of plots to overthrow the government and previously-unthinkable political alliances – mostly to keep players out of jail or to form a new government and enjoy the perks.
Then there will also be politicians who should retire yet still think they are PM material, and politicians masquerading as theologians who use religion to justify their political acrobatics.
We really need to stay safe from Covid-19, and now, also from such politicians.
LONG Lamai, a remote village in Sarawak probably does not ring a bell with most Malaysians.
Most of us would not even care about this remote Penan settlement, located near the borders of Sarawak and Kalimantan, Indonesia.
The village is only accessible by a 90-minute flight from Miri to Long Banga, followed by a 60-minute boat ride. Miri is a coastal city located at the north west of Sarawak.
To drive to Miri from Long Lamai would take 10 hours, excluding a two-hour boat ride from Long Puah.
Now, it has become a subject of discussion between the state authorities and Health Ministry in Putrajaya following a Covid-19 outbreak.
The whole village has been placed under enforced movement control order (EMCO) after a woman from the village, reportedly went to Miri to attend her mother’s funeral two weeks ago.
She was tested positive for the virus after her trip. So was a driver who accompanied her.
Soon, villagers were sharing with church and welfare groups that they were coughing and had lost their taste buds, all signs of Covid-19 symptoms. That was when alarm bells started.
Of the more than 300 villagers in Long Lamai, 31 are said to have tested positive following a swab test.
The village is now reportedly monitored by a medical team from Miri Health Office and Miri Hospital as well as three police personnel from Marudu district police headquarters, according to a news report.
A quarantine and treatment centre has also been set up.
Incredibly, when the matter was first brought up, there were denials, even from Mulu assemblyman Datuk Gerawat Gala, who refuted a message that was widely circulated on WhatsApp about the outbreak.
He told the local press that only some villagers were affected, denying claims it was widespread.
It was a classic case of a politician wanting to downplay an incident instead of seeking more details and trying to get help. There were even initial accusations of fake news when it first surfaced.
The truth soon came out. If it wasn’t serious, then there would be no need for an EMCO, right? Providing more information would help as in all crisis management.
Haven’t politicians learned from one Member of Parliament, who was recently sacked as chairman of a government body, after describing a train collision as “normal”?
The village has no clinic and those in need of medical aid would go to the nearest clinic at Long Banga, about two hours’ away by boat.
The point is this – no one is spared from the scourge of Covid-19. Not even the Penans, a nomadic indigenous group living in Sarawak and Brunei. There are about 16,000 of them in these two places.
They are shy, by nature, but friendly and the last group of Malaysians who remain true to their lifestyle, mainly hunters and gatherers.
I had the opportunity of spending time with these people, after taking an eight-hour drive from Miri via treacherous logging tracks to Lusong Laku, and saw what is probably the most unknown but the biggest waterfall in this country.
Those of us who live in cities demand speedier vaccination, but no doubt our frontliners are having a difficult, and I’m sure frustrating, time persuading these minorities to be tested and to accept the vaccine.
Two ministers – Datuk Saifuddin Abdullah and Datuk Seri Mustapa Mohamed, who are MPs from Pahang and Kelantan respectively, have shared how communities in remote areas needed to be convinced.
Even Orang Asli broadcasts and several dialects are being used to approach them.
Many of us would be shocked to learn that the elderly Orang Asli cannot recall having taken any injections at all and the thought of a needle terrifies them.
The direct approach, including mobile teams, has been used to help these rural folks because many have no mobile phones and needless to say, no connectivity, much less able to download a MySejahtera app.
These are our fellow Malaysians who live in distant areas, and they need our help.
The virus has unfortunately reached them and the fight against Covid-19 is even more difficult and deadlier for them as they are mostly isolated. We need to step up.
FIRSTLY, let’s congratulate the Sijil Pelajaran Malaysia (SPM) candidates who bagged straight As for their subjects, because this has been a difficult examination with so many uncertainties and disruptions.
Despite the many obstacles, including school closures, the 9,000-odd students have managed to grab the maximum number of distinctions.
The same plaudits go to those who did equally well, despite not getting straight As.
These top achievers certainly deserve to celebrate because they’ve been rewarded for their hard work and persistence. Their parents must surely be proud of them.
Last week, Senior Education Minister Datuk Dr Mohd Radzi Jidin announced that a total of 9,411 SPM candidates obtained straight As for 2020. This reflects improvement from the results in the 2019 SPM, when 8,876 candidates obtained straight As.
The number of candidates obtaining at least distinctions also improved by 0.84%, from 77,038 students in 2019 to 78,731 in 2020. Dr Radzi also said more candidates obtained at least a pass in their 2020 SPM, with 38.35% compared to 37.93% in 2019.
But I hope they tamper their exuberance soon with a dose of reality. Having been the pride of their parents, schools and community, they would want to do well in their next step – to sign up for the best courses in universities.
The most sought-after course must be medicine, with engineering likely a second option in the pecking order. Architecture, business, accountancy and computer science are favourites, too.
But medicine is the promised land because everyone thinks that by being a doctor, one is set for life. It’s not only a Malaysian dream, but more an Asian one because we’re still very conventional and traditional in our thinking.
Law used to be up there, but that has dramatically changed since students and parents realised that with lawyers, supply is exceeding demand.
TV shows about doctors such as Grey’s Anatomy enjoy better ratings than series about lawyers, unlike how it was in the 1980s.
Frontliners are hailed as heroes while lawyers/politicians are treated, well, differently now. Journalists probably rank just as poorly on the trust scale.
Our straight A achievers must accept that while they deserve a chance for their academic performance, there’s no such thing as entitlement to receive a spot at the medical faculty.
In the past few days, I’ve been asked by well-meaning uncles to help their nephews and nieces get places. My apologies, for “I have no jalan.”
Many politicians are also in a predicament because their constituents and party members would run to them for help to expedite applications.
Interestingly, the SPM results have been greeted cynically on social media. Many netizens, including teachers and university lecturers, have questioned the results being the best in the past five years.
Malay language social media is filled with comments and videos dismissing the strong performance, saying it was hard to believe when there were school closures, a lack of computers and Internet connectivity, especially in the rural areas.
It hasn’t helped that some students who were interviewed by the media said they were surprised at receiving distinctions for certain subjects.
Former Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia vice-chancellor Prof Tan Sri Dr Noor Azlan Ghazali expressed dismay over the country “becoming A-crazy” and that schools were ranked on grade achievements.
“We are missing the true purpose of schooling,” he wrote in his post, saying he was disturbed by Dr Radzi saluting top achievers as “this is a false signal.”
Prof Noor Azlan said he isn’t questioning the grading and scoring methods since they are technical in nature, but “my concern rests on the system.”
Honestly, without wanting to hurt anyone’s feelings, I’m also concerned about the high number of straight A candidates each year.
I’m old school, I guess, because in my days of the Lower Certificate Education (LCE) and Malaysian Certificate of Education (MCE), it was hard to get straight As, and there was no talk of compromise in grading.
The maximum number of As for LCE, or the Form 3 exam, was five distinctions, and if you fail, you get kicked out of school. Well, one could get 9As in the MCE, or equivalent of SPM, then.
But there was no sense of false achievements, or entitlement.
Many of our present students, who scored distinctions in English, for example, have found it difficult in foreign universities, especially in Britain and the US.
A Malaysian student who did very well in her SPM exam, scoring an A in English, found out that in the UK, her level would be a C or D.
Her parents in Kuala Lumpur received an email from her teacher in London expressing concern.
Being polite, the teacher hoped that her English would improve soon if she didn’t want to be left behind and expressed her “understanding” that “English is not her first language” but “nevertheless, she has to catch up fast.”
And this is an urban, English-speaking family, where the student had wide exposure to the language. After all, she consistently earned As in English in school exams, and in the SPM.
In many countries, including the US, medicine has become a post-graduate course. Applicants are required to already possess a bachelor’s degree.
Also, many foreign universities require applicants to take an entrance exam for the medical faculty, not relying merely on public test results.
While many institutes in Britain still accept fresh high school leavers, students need to write a “personal statement” on why they want to be doctors. Interviews are conducted and they are required to do voluntary work to help the local community. That’s how they filter out brainy kids without EQ, those who should just take up physics, biology or similar subjects instead of medicine.
Although Malaysia faces a shortage of specialists, the same can’t be said for general practitioners.
Last year, the Malaysian Medical Association reported that many small clinics were struggling to stay afloat. An estimated 200 were expected to shut down because of low patient count and high rental costs.
The MMA has also said there are too many medical students graduating each year and not enough hospitals to train and provide jobs for them, adding that if the situation continues, we’ll have an unwanted stockpile of untrained graduates.
In short, it’s not the end of the world if you don’t become a doctor. There are plenty of other options in life which could be more rewarding and enjoyable.
But most importantly, don’t let your straight As go to your head – you might be worth less than you think when you’re evaluated by different standards overseas.

Check first: Don’t be too quick to forward your so-called news without verifying it.
It’s so easy to pull the trigger on despatching ‘news’, but what if fact meets fiction?
A POPULAR piece of fake news making the rounds is the one involving two top business personalities and a valuer.
Their names need no mentioning to add more credence to the rumour but suffice to say, I know all three personally.
Two of them succumbed to Covid-19 or complications arising from their infection.
If you want to believe these spreaders, who are more infectious than Covid-19, all three were seated together at an annual dinner.
Facts tell us that companies have not held dinner events in the past 12 months.
The three of them were never together and attended no such event. When it was well refuted, the rumour took a new twist, like a variant, saying the three turned up at a Chinese organisation gathering. A new name even emerged!
The incredible part is that a lot of people believed the rumours, including those who are well-connected and could have easily verified it themselves.
But it would be fair to say that they also forwarded the message with little thought.
A few who checked with me even dismissed my explanation with cynicism, despite me stressing that one was a school mate and that I have professional relationships with the other two Tan Sri.
Last week, tuition teacher Mohd Nazaruddin Yusoff, 50, pleaded not guilty to posting fake news on Facebook at the Sessions Court in Johor Baru. His alleged offence is understood to be the first case since the Emergency Ordinance came into effect in March.
He allegedly claimed a traffic policeman died after receiving his second dose of a Covid-19 vaccine.
In Kangar, Perlis, Norjannah Rusli, 28, was fined RM5,000, in default of five months’ jail, by the Kangar Sessions Court after she pleaded guilty to spreading fake news about the pandemic via WhatsApp, with the intention of striking fear and concern among the public.
The offence was allegedly committed at a house in Jalan Pauh, Kampung Belukar, Arau, at 10.31am on April 18.
The charge was framed under Section 4(1) of the Emergency Ordinance (Essential Powers) (No.2) 2021, which carries a maximum fine of RM100,000 or a jail term of up to three years, or both.
These peddlers of false news care little for the consequences of their actions, especially the emotional scars they leave. While public figures are immune to fake news, especially on social media, not everyone can handle it.
Another recent fake news involved a man running amok at a vaccination centre in an East Coast state. But it’s, in fact, an old video of an angry man with mental illness, and nothing concerning vaccination.
Even seasoned politicians have become victims of false claims, including certain political leaders who seem to take great joy in attacking the government, only to slip and fall on their own rhetoric.
I must confess that even I, as a reporter, have believed some of the fake news, including one about a list to approve essential services from the Ministry of International Trade and Industry (MITI).
I’m fortunate that I can verify it with my colleagues and government officials, but most Malaysian don’t have that privilege.
It’s also unfair for government officials to spend their time rebutting fake news, which seems to have gone into overdrive.
There are also politicians who use their positions to make allegations and cause untold damage, especially if they speak at the Dewan Rakyat, where they are exempt from defamation.
And if they’re popular opposition leaders, many tend to believe what they say because they seem to be more trustworthy than government Members of Parliament.
Their victims choose not to file legal action against these politicians because court cases take up too much time and are costly affairs. One university official was accused of money laundering by a politician without evidence, and the poor woman had no chance to even explain herself.
It has taken an emotional toll on her, but those who hurl accusations don’t seem to care. If there was any evidence, the best way would be to file a complaint with the relevant authorities.
Social media has been a boon as well as bane. It’s become the fastest way to disseminate information, but it’s also a platform to spread fake news which can create discord.
Anyone and everyone can be a reporter now, but the only difference is that the recognised media is trained to check and verify news. In terms of speed, we lose out sometimes, but our principle has always been that in case of doubt, leave it out.
Knowing my background as a reporter engaged in print, online and social media, clients sometimes tell me that they only swear by advertising in social media.
But when they run into trouble, they quickly run to the old school journalists for help. The pimply key influencers, with their legion of followers, become completely inept at crisis management.
The point is this – don’t be too quick to forward your so-called news. Check with reputable and credible news organisations, and not half-baked news sites and paid bloggers.
Or worse, the neighbourhood rumour mongers who claim to know everything. So, forward at your own peril.